LORD GEORGE GORDON BYRON (1788-1824) THE STORMY GENIUS TO
ENGLISH ROMANTICISM
Byron’s life and personality are as fascinating as his poetry. He was at once a man of
incredible beauty, struggling against the tendency of growing fat. A synonym of greatest of
lovers he was passionate with women. The most brilliant conversationalist of his time, he
glorified solitude and at last attained it.Celebrated as the highest of high Romantics, he
despised Romanticism. Although he despised modern Greeks, he died in the struggle for the
independence of Greece
Byron had an eccentric father, idolized by him , and a neurotic, unstable tyranic mother.
Being lame all his life, he tried to make up for it and became an excellent swimmer and
writer.
He achieved a classical education. After his graduation he chose to visit Eastern countries
being fascinated by the exotic. After his return to England he published “Childe Harold’s
Pilgrimage” which made him famous.In it we find for the first time the character who has
come to be known as the “Byronic hero”. Byronic hero is a morose, enigmatic, proud, bitter
figure, gloomy, outwardly devil-may-care (необуздан, вироглав) but full of dark secrets.
Byron’s life has made some readers see the figure of Byronic hero and Byron himself as one
and the same thing.
“Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage” is a long narrative poem, partly autobiographical. The
romantically melancholy hero, Childe Harold, disillusioned with a life devoted to the pursuit
of pleasure embarks on a solitary pilgrimage through Portugal, Spain, the Ionian Islands,
Albania, Greece, Belgium and the Alps. The description of the visited places are interspersed
with moral, political and historical reflections. Byron’s hero, “the wandering outlaw of his
own dark mind”, responds to the natural beauties of the countries through which he travels, he
is a projection of the poet, a sensitive, disillusioned, generous-minded character, prone to
rhapsodize over history and to make fallen nations to arise and recover their lost glory.
In Canto IV Byron praises the loneliness in nature, the delight at joining in spirit with the
desert, the woods and the secluded spots. The poet turns to the desert as his dwelling place,
where he feels most close to God and the Universe. He drems to become a wandering spirit,
lose his physical form and transcend into an ephemeral being, who can “converse with the
elements”. He finds pleasure in the pathless woods, untrodden by men, and trackless. The
grand and infinite powers of Nature are personified by the vast rolling Ocean- a power
unchangeable by time.
The Ocean stands for the peace that can be found only away from the city, and the poet’s
theme is the longing to get away from the busy life and to retire to a beautiful, remote place
on the shores of this infinity of water, where he can play with the billows and can remember
his youth. Some people are afraid of the power of the waves but the poet is delighted and
exalted.
Byron compares the power of man and the uncontrolled might of the ocean. Man is like a
“drop of rain”, he sinks into the depth of the ocean “unknelled, uncoffined and unknown”.
Human civilization is short-lived. In the course of time emperors die, whole flourishing cities
turn into ruins, only the ocean is unchangeable since the dawn of Creation.
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